The website offers dozens more demographic and attitudinal variables, enabling a lab activity in which students can invent and explore their own big-data questions.
Golinkoff, R. Baby talk to me: The social context of infant-directed speech and its effects on early language acquisition. Think about the typical interaction between a parent and an infant. In comparison with adult-directed speech ADS , IDS is highly melodic and marked by exaggerated and more variable pitch, slower delivery, more limited vocabulary, shorter phrases, and repetition.
You can help your students think about the differences between IDS and ADS by having them listen to these audio examples :. Adult-Directed Speech. Given the widespread, cross-cultural use of IDS, it is important to consider its effect on language development.
Language is an essential tool for social interaction, expressing and addressing personal needs, and education. Given that the eventual goal is adult speech, should we speak to infants using adult speech? Should we park them with baby-sized high-fidelity headphones in front of a television or video program designed to maximize exposure to adult language?
Or does IDS serve important functions for language development? Is high-quantity ADS the major determinant of language acquisition, or does IDS provide high-quality interactions that benefit language acquisition? You might ask your students to discuss which of these approaches is likely to be effective. These benefits include the following:. This preference is due to the distinctive nature of IDS e. Research shows that IDS leads to greater neural activity in areas associated with attentional processing e.
When parents hyperarticulate, it helps their infants learn vowel categories because IDS creates greater distances between vowels. Beyond the structural benefits, IDS takes place within rich social interactions that are essential for language acquisition. In a study by Kuhl, Tsao, and Liu , 9-month-old American children listened to Mandarin during 12 sessions either through live interactions or by listening to and watching the same input over a television screen.
The live social interaction, but not the televised speech, led to good learning of the Mandarin phonemes. Language is more than a cognitive skill; it is also a social activity. Another important feature seems to be that the interaction allows infants to be actively engaged in their own learning. For example, infants will point to an object, and when the parent reacts and shows the child the function of the object, the response helps the infant learn the meaning of the object.
The consensus is that you should forget the infant headphones and speech-heavy television programs and instead enjoy meaningful and important interactions with your infant. IDS has structural properties that help babies extract the key features of their language. This video nicely captures some of the attentional, structural, social and emotional benefits of IDS:. Aarts, H. On the psychology of drinking: Being thirsty and perceptually ready.
British Journal of Psychology, 92 , — Demos, K. Individual differences in nucleus accumbens activity to food and sexual images predict weight gain and sexual behavior. The Journal of Neuroscience, 32 , — Hoff, E. Interpreting the early language trajectories of children from low-SES and language minority homes: Implications for closing achievement gaps.
Developmental Psychology, 49 , 4— Fishbach, A. Is everything psychological is biological Why or why not? What is psychologically ultimately biological? What is a neuron? What part of the neuron acts like the life support if this part of the cell dies the whole neuron also dies?
Is biological death reversible? What spurs the moods ideas and impulses of our minds? What do neurotransmitters do? What are neurotransmitters crash course? What does it mean to break down neurotransmitters? The biological approach believes that most behavior is inherited and has an adaptive or evolutionary function. For example, in the weeks immediately after the birth of a child, levels of testosterone in fathers drop by more than 30 percent.
Others may conduct research for organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or work in hospitals, clinics, pharmaceutical companies, or drug and alcohol treatment facilities. Some biological psychologists work in the field of criminology, and a few work at zoos, aquariums and parks. Effects of a secure attachment relationship on right brain development, affect regulation, and infant mental health. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22 , This entry was posted on Sunday, April 8th, at pm and is filed under Uncategorized.
You can follow any comments to this entry through the RSS 2. You can leave a comment , or trackback from your own site. You must be logged in to post a comment. Everything Psychological is Biological Our mental health and physical health are considered to be transactional. References Mizuno, K.
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