When Jesus rode into Jerusalem he was acclaimed, "blessed is the Kingdom that comes, the kingdom of our father David" Mark Other Jews rejected the claim. The charge against Jesus on the cross and his mockery as 'King of the Jews', his execution between two villains, the appearance of the royal messianic motifs - these all suggest that Pilate faced a man charged with sedition. Jesus was not crucified because he denied his Jewishness, abandoned the Scriptures, or disowned his people.
He remained a Jew, Jesus of Nazareth, the Jew from Galilee and was executed for political rather than religious reasons. To claim to be the Messiah, if it was an offence against Judaism at all, was certainly not as the Gospels contend an offence against Jewish law for which Jesus could have been put to death. The Gospels say that Jesus' claim to be the Messiah was blasphemy, but in Jewish law, blasphemy was to curse God using God's sacred name.
Jesus did nothing of the sort. For Jews, history has shown that Jesus was not the long-awaited Messiah, for Jews were not delivered from the yoke of Roman bondage and the Golden Age did not come. However, some Jews have suggested that Jesus was following in the footsteps of the biblical prophets cf.
Mark , Matt And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might. The second is this: You shall love your neighbour as yourself. There is no other commandment greater than these. Every Jew will recognise in Jesus' answer the Shema, a Jewish declaration of faith, which is recited at every Jewish service, day and night. The famous command of Lev. It was in his attitude towards the Torah that Jesus seems to have departed from the Judaism of his time.
In their teaching, the rabbis would state, "thus says the Torah. Mark He dared to base his teachings on "I say to you" and it was this daring which brought him into conflict with contemporary Judaism. It is highly improbable that Jesus told his followers to ignore the Torah; rather, he emphasized that "the kingdom of God is within you" Luke i. This was a courageous message; one which made some Jews unbounded in their devotion to him and others to regard him as a heretic.
The use of the term Messianic Judaism strikes many as a subversive way of attracting Jews who do not know enough about their faith to realize that what they are learning about is Christianity. Foremost among the groups that work to counter Messianic Jewish evangelism is Jews for Judaism, an organization focused on strengthening and preserving Jewish identity for those who have been targeted for proselytizing by Messianic Jews.
There is a growing community of Messianic Jews in Israel, particularly in the village of Yad-Hashmona. In a ruling handed down by the Israeli Supreme Court in , Messianic Jews are not allowed citizenship in Israel via the Law of Return because there is a condition on the Law of Return that it cannot be employed by those who were Jews and voluntarily took on another faith.
However, in , the Supreme Court ruled in a strange legal twist that because the Law of Return is granted to anyone with one Jewish grandparent, Messianic Jews who are not considered halakhically Jewish i. Messianic Jewish prayer services include much of the traditional Jewish liturgy, often edited and amended to include references to Yeshua. Hebrew is common in Messianic Jewish congregations, and there is a growing trend towards including dance in their services.
The dances are in the spirit of Israeli folk dancing. Today, there are an estimated Messianic Jewish congregations worldwide, with 10,, Messianic Jews in Israel, and about , in the United States. Several Protestant denominations across the globe subsequently adopted similar statements. However, this thesis is not widely accepted by New Testament scholars.
Had Rome regarded Jesus as the leader of a band of revolutionaries, it would have rounded up his followers as well. Nor is there any evidence in the New Testament to suggest that Jesus and his followers were zealots interested in an armed rebellion against Rome. More likely is the hypothesis that Romans viewed Jesus as a threat to the peace and killed him because he was gaining adherents who saw him as a messianic figure.
Some have interpreted certain verses in the Gospels as rejections of Jewish belief and practice. Jesus and his earliest Jewish followers continued to follow Jewish law. However, some Jews at the time found the idea that the divine could take on human form compatible with their tradition.
The first-century Jewish historian Josephus mentions Jesus, although the major reference in his Antiquities of the Jews appears to have been edited and augmented by Christian scribes. The Talmud tractate Sanhedrin originally recorded that Yeshu the Nazarene was hung on the eve of Passover for the crime of leading Jews astray.
The fact that Bar Kohkbah did not successfully defeat Rome ultimately meant he did not turn out to be a Messiah — but he certainly took on the job of a Jewish Messiah. There are multiple forms of Jewish messianism , but none of them believe that a messianic figure — if such a person exists — will be divine. This is in large part because the traditional job of a Messiah — the restoration of the Jewish state — has already been accomplished. Some Jews do believe that a Messiah will come, but the signs that would foretell have not appeared yet.
Jews do not share the Christian belief that Jesus was divine. This difference in belief is grounded in the Jewish assertion that there is only one God, who can never be human, even though God may reveal himself in multiple ways.
Historically, this created an insurmountable theological barrier between Jews and Christians. Although Jewish Christians have technically been around since the death of Jesus, the more modern form of the movement has its roots in late 19th-century Europe, when anti-Semitic persecution was on the rise in Russia and large numbers of Jews immigrated to the United States.
The sole focus of some missions based in England and the U.
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